Dump-wagon.



No. 802,165. PATENTED OCT. 17, 1905. H. S. HOY.

DUMP WAGON.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 27, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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N 2-165. PATENTED 00117 1905.

o 80 H. s. HOY.

DUMP WAGON.' I APPLICATION FILED JAN. 27, 1905-,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- ing the drop-doors of dump-wagons; and its HENRY s.HOY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DUMP-WAGON.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 1'7, 1905.

Application filed January 27, 1905. Serial No. 242,836.

To (LZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY S. HOY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Dump-I/Vagons, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for operatgeneral object is to provideimproved means whereby the doors forming the whole or part of the bottomof a wagon or cart box may be supported and dropped upon the supports torelease the load and subsequently raised to clear the dump, all withoutundue strain upon the doors, to the end of permitting free re-' inocilal of the wagon away from the deposited One of the particular objects ofthe invention is to provide operating means which are at once simple andpositive in their action and which will act automatically to at leastpartially clear the drop-doors of the dumped load and utilize the latterto assist the same means in guiding the doors when lifted up the outersides of the box.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved connectionbetween the bottom drop-doors and sides of the wagon-box to secureadjustable automatic clearance of the doors, so that said clearance maybe varied to suit special conditions; and my invention consists in thevarious details of construction and combination of parts, all ashereinafter more fully described, illustrated in'the drawings, andincorporated in the claims.

In'the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a well-known type ofdump-wagon with my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a top plan viewof'the wagon shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken online 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective detail view of oneof the stops or guides. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the coupler or clevisby means of which said guide is coupled adjustably to itssupporting-chain. Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing theposition of the doors during their initial opening movements. Fig. 7shows thedoors carried to their full-open position by the automaticarrangement. Fig. S'illustrates how the doors may be still furtherraised up the sides of the box by meansof the supportingchains. Figs. 9,10, and 11 illustrate modifications.

Referring now to the drawings 1n detail, l

the wagon-box 2 may be of any well-known or approved form adapted fordrop-doors 3 3.

4 4 are straps bolted or secured to the doorcleats, and said straps haveupturned portions 5 5, formed with eyes or holes 6 6, adapted to engagelinks or chains 7 7 anchored on brackets 8 8, secured to the outer sidesof the box. The adjoining .edges of doors 3 3 are supported on chains 99, secured to the doors at 10 10, respectively, and passing over pulleys11 11, each mounted opposite an opening 12 in each side of the box on a'bracket 13. The chains 9 9 then pass to a shaft or reel 14, providedwith a crank or ratchet lever 14. A ratchet-wheel and pawl are usuallyprovided, as at 14. Upon each of the drop-doors are bolted, preferablytwo, stops 15, each of which is formed with aloop 16. In the upper partof each is a series of holes 17, adapted to engage a lug 18 on theclevis or link 19, secured to each chain 20 or 20, anchored,respectively, at 21 21. Ahook 22 is formed at the opposite end of thestop to engage the edge of the door, to which said stop is secured bymeans of a bolt 23 passing through apertures 24 25 in the stops orguides 15, the loops 16 of which are riveted at 24. When the wagon-box 2is loaded with bulk material adapted to be unloaded by dumping, doors 33 are sustained in their closed position by the chains 7 7 and 9 9. Byreleasing the pawl from the ratchet-wheel the chains 9 9 will unwind,permitting the doors to drop under the weight of the load. As the doorsdrop they swing pivotally at the ends of chains 7 7, which form theinitial centers of pivotal movement, and as the curved loops 16immediately begin to roll down the sides of the box they shorten thedistances between the sides of the box and the inner edges of the doors3 3, which consequently also swing bodily away from each other duringtheir downward swings about the ends of chains 7 7. In other words,their movements are substantially along a horizontal plane and incircular arcs. and the lengths of movements along said planes will equalthe radii of curvatures of loops 16. Byincreasing the curvature of theloop the latter movement will be increased to an'extent equaling theincrease of length in the radius of the loop arc, and referring,further, to the operation of one of the loops, which will describe all,when the terminus of the curvature of said loop is reached under lateralpressure of the load the door will hang substantially parallel Saidchains are.

with the sides of the box, and the under side of stop 15 serves as arunner upon which the door slides upward or in its edgewise movement.The pressure of the load between the adjacent edges of the drop-doorstends to force the runners or loops 16 up the inner sides of the box,which sides have then become inclines relatively to the stops. Thechains 20 20' when the doors are in their closed position havesufiicient slack in them to permit the combination rollers and runners,as the stops 15 may be called, to roll against the sides of the boxuntil the upper surfaces of the doors have moved away from the loweredges of the box far enough to allow the doors to swing around saidlower edges on centers located at points of attachment of chains 20 20to stops 15. The chains 20 20 then arrest the downward rolling movementsof loops 16 and cause them to slide upward while still rolling infrictional contact with the sides of the box, tending to move themdownward. \Vhile rolling down the sides of the box free frominterference of chains 20 20, the centers of rotation, however, were thesame as the centers of the curvatures of loops 16, while the momentchains become taut the centers of rotation are shifted to the points inthe arcs of said loops where the clevises are attached, and as thelatter are in planes at right angles to the planes of the doors and theformer planes intersect the doors at points removed from their outerends it is obvious that said outer ends must swing upward around thelower edges of the box under pressure of the falling load a distanceequal in each instance to the distance of the horizontal plane of theclevises from the outer edges of the doors when same have assumed theirvertical positions.

In Fig. 9 I have shown modifications wherein blocks 26, secured by bolts27 to the endgates of the box, are substituted for chains 20 20. Saidblocks are recessed to provide shoulders 28, engaging loops 29. When thedoors are lowered, said loops become suspended upon the blocks insteadof the chains 20 20, and the space between the top of each loop and itsblock when the door is closed represents the slack in the chain 20 or20.In both forms of the invention the doors are caused to hug closely thelower edges of sides 22, and thereforeswing upwardly within narrowerconfines than doors which swing away from the sides of the box whenmoving upward. This economy of space is an important feature whereunloading must be done in passages or between buildings where there isbarely room for the wagon to pass.

By adjusting lugs 18 in different holes 17 the doors may be swungautomatically varying distances up the sides of the box. When chains arecoupled to holes farthest from the respective sides of the box, thedoors will swing upward the maximum distances, and

vice versa. When the doors are closed, the weight of the load is borneentirely by chains 7 7 and 9 9, and by the time the slack is out ofchains 20 20 the doors are acted upon by the falling load at angles,thereby swinging the doors from under the load with comparatively littlestrain upon chains 20 20. which may be termed secondary pivotalsupports, while chains 7 7' and 9 9 may be termed pri .mary pivotalsupports.

In Fig. 11'is shown a modification wherein stop 15 is in the form of abracket-arm 30, having a stud or pin 31 movable down an incline 32 onblock 33 and confined by a strap 34.

The movements effected by the modified structures shown in Figs. 9 and11 are essentially the same as those effected by the pre ferredconstruction shown in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, though more limited inscope.

In Fig. 10 is shown a stop 15, consisting of a plate of metal providedwith a base-plate 35, which may be bolted or otherwise secured to theupper surface of a drop-door, either within the confines of the sidesand end-gates or exteriorly of the box. The stop 15, however, isdesigned particularly for interior use, as its comparatively thinblade-like form is adapted to work in or through the material in whichthe guide or stop would be embedded.

In using the loop form I prefer to let the sides and bottom doorsproject beyond the end-gates and mount the guides or stops 15 on thedoors outside of the box, as shown clearly in Fig. *2, so as to allowthe mechanism to work free of any possible interference from the load ormaterial. The stops 15 may be made more or less elastic to allow theloops 16 to yield when necessary away from the doors and sides of box asthe doors begin to revolve around the lower edges of the box.

The clearance of the doors and partial raising thereof are effectedautomatically by the weight of the load above the doors and by theupward pressure of the pile or dump as it grows underneath the wagonwhen dumping is done on level ground, as in filling in or raising aground-level. As the pile or dump grows underneath the wagon it tends topush the doors upward, and this automatic operation may under the actionof certain forms of material carry the doors to their highest positionagainst the outer sides of the box. The outer edges of the doors beingsuspended from chains 7 7 have limited horizontal swinging movements,and therefore move apart substantially along the plane of the bottomdoors and substantially direct. These movements therefore acceleratetheir separation or opening on the usual indirect lines. This not onlyfacilitates the prompt release of the load, but allows a wider openingbetween the doors for a given drop movement than when the verticalswinging movement alone is relied upon and sometimes permits the freedumping of an entire load with a very IIO A for shelled corn and othergranular material.

. WVhen the falling load has crowded the drop doors into parallelismwith the sides of the box,it will support them against inward swingingmovement while under tension of the lifting-chains when same are rewoundupon the reel to move the doors as high as they can travel up the sidesof the box, the doors and stops serving as guides on both sides of eachbox side to hold the doors for movement parallel to said sides duringthe remainder of the upward travel. After the wagon is pulled away fromthe dump and the doors are dropped to their suspended level, Fig. 6,upward pull on chains 9 9 will tend to swing the doors inwardly, and therounded ends of the stops or guides 15 guide the doors to their closedposition by serving as levers which pry the doors toward each other.When the doors are finally closed, the strains upon the guides. tendingto separate the doors, are distributed longitudinally of the guides.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a dump-wagon, the combination with a wagon-box provided with adrop-door of guides slidable up one face of a side of the.

box for guiding the door up the opposite face of said box.

2. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a drop-door, movableabout the lower edge of one side of said box, of means engaging onevertical face of said side for guiding the door up the opposite verticalface of said side.

3. The combination with a wagon-box, provided with a drop-door, of meanscausing the outer edge of the door to swing vertically under pressure ofa falling load upon said door, and means for varying the height of swingof said door.

L. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a drop-door, of meanssupporting said door for pivotal movement, and means for guiding saiddoor, against an inner vertical side of said box, to move bodily up anouter vertical side of the wagon-box.

5. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a pivoted drop-door,of stops upon said door, which are unattached to said box, which serveas vertical and horizontal guides for said door, and means for openingand closing said door.

6. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a drop-door, of meansfor closing said door, means supporting said door for pivotal movement,and means upon said door cooperating with said box and weight of theescaping load for guiding said door alongside said box, saidlast-mentioned means being a device which slides against the side ofsaid box. 7. The combination with a wagon-box of a drop-door, movablepivot members connected with said box, means secured to said door, butfree of said box, for guiding said door to swing about the lower edge,and parallel to the sides, of said box.

8. The combination with a wagon-box, provided with a drop-door, of meansfor lifting said door to its closed position, said means supporting oneedge of the door, means for supporting the opposite edge of the door,

both said means permitting a horizontal swinging movement of the door,and guides, 'slidable upon a vertical side of said box, for limiting thehorizontal swinging movement of said door and for guiding thelatter'toward a position parallel with, and up the side of, said box.

9. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a bottom,pivotally-supported, gravity drop-door, means for closing said door andretaining same in its closed position, a guide, or guides, movable alongan inner side of the box upon which said door is able up an outer sideof said box.

10. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a pivoted drop-door,of stops upon said door serving as vertical and horizontal guides forsaid door, said stops supporting said door against a vertical side ofthe box for a combined swinging and sliding movement with relation tosaid box.

11. The combination with a wagon-box of a drop-bottom, hinge memberssupporting said bottom, when closed and during its initial openingmovement, and auxiliary hinge members which relieve said first-mentionedhinge members prior to the complete opening movement of said door, saidauxiliary hinge members supporting the door intermediate of its edges toswing the latter in opposite directions.

12. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a drop-door, and themeans for supporting'and lifting said door, of guides upon which saiddoor may slide along the body of the box, for guiding said door duringits opening and closing movements.

13. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a drop-door, of meansfor su pporting and swinging said door, means, independent of its normalpivotal connections for causing the weight of the escaping load to slidesaid door on the edge of one side of said box to its full open positionagainst the outer side of said box.

14. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a drop-door, ofpivots upon which said door moves, means supporting said pivots formovement with said door and relative to said box, and means independentof said pivots and their supporting means for guiding the door up theside of the box when released under load.

15. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a bottom,pivotally-supported,

sliddrop-door, of means for supporting and swinging said door pivotally,and means independent of said last-mentioned means for shifting thecenter of swinging movement toward the falling edge of the door andtoward the top of the box gradually shortening projection of said doorunderneath said box.

16. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a bottom,pivotally-supported,

drop-door, of means for closing said door and retaining same in itsclosed position, and means for checking the fall of said door whenreleased prior to complete opening, said lastmentioned means shiftingthe axis of the doors rotation to point between and above the initialaxis and are of rotation.

. 17. Thecombinationwithawagon-box provided with a bottom,pivotally-supported, drop-door, of means for closing said door andretaining same in its closed position and means for checking the fall ofsaid door when released prior to complete opening, said lastmentionedmeans gradually shifting the axis of rotation of the door toward thefalling, and away from the pivoted, edge thereof.

18. The combination witha Wagon-box,provided with a drop-door, arrangedto open by swinging horizontally to one side of the box and slidingvertically against said side, of means whereby the falling load impartssaid movements to the door when the latter is released from its closedposition.

19. The combination with a wagon-box having a drop-door hinged at itsone edge to the side of said box, means for closing said door, meansrelieving the hinge members of the weight of the door when the latterbegins its opening movement and for gradually shortening the length ofits opening'swing and cause said door to swing closely to the box whendropping under load.

20. The combination with a wagon-box having a drop-door hinged at itsone edge to the side of said box, means for closing said door, meansrelieving the hinge members of the weight of the door when the latterbegins its opening movement and for gradually shortening the length ofits opening swing and cause said door to swing closely to the box whendropping under load, and means for varying the extent of such openingmovement. 21. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a bottomdrop-door, of means for closing said door, and retaining same initsclosed position, supports constituting slidebearings upon said doorby which the latter is movable bodily, up the outer side of the box, andflexible supports for said guides.

22. The combination with a wagon-box,provided with a bottom, drop-door,of means for closing said door and retaining same in its closedposition, fixed supports constituting slide-bearings upon which saiddoor is automatically slid upthe outer side of the box by the action ofthe falling load, flexible supports for said fixed supports, and meansfor adjusting said flexible supports to vary the extent of automaticsliding movement.

23. The combination with a wagonbox provided with a bottom, drop-door,of means for closing said door and retaining the same in its closedposition, guides secured to said door and free of said box, flexiblesupports connecting said guides and box, said guides hearing against onevertical face of one side of the box to force the door automatically upthe opposite face of said side under the weight of the falling load.

24. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a drop-door, stopsupon said door, engaging one side of said box, and cooperating with thehinge members to support said bottom when closed against edgewisemovement, said stops arranged to guide said bottom upward, during itsopening movement against one of the vertical sides of the box, and meansfor operating said bottom upon said stops and hinge members.

25. The combination with a wagon-box provided with a drop-door, of areel and flexible connection for operating said door and retaining samein a closed position, primary and secondary pivotal side supports forsaid door adapted to engage the opposite vertical faces of one side ofsaid box said primary pivotal supports arranged to lower said door toclear the lower edge of the box side, said secondary pivotal supportsserving to elevate the doors center of rotation and as guides upon whichsaid door is slid up the side of the box under the weight of the loadafter release of said retaining means.

26. The combination with a Wagon-box having a drop-door, of means forsupporting the opposite edges for said door in its wide-open and closedpositions, means for supporting said door intermediately of theedge-supporting means and to dispose the center of gravity of thefallingload to cause the latter to swing said door around the edge and up theside of the box independently of the edgesupporting means.

27. The combination with a wagon-box having a drop-door, of means forsupportingsaid door for pivotal movement, means for lifting said door toits closed position, and means for changing its'center of pivotalmovement relatively to itself and to the box side about which said doorswings to cause the falling load to swing the opposite edges of saiddoors in opposite directions utilizing the side of the wagon-box as anauxiliary guide.

28. The combination with a wagon-box pro vided with a bottom,pivotally-supported, gravity drop-door, ofsupporting members for saiddoor comprising a chain and reel and hinge members and guides upon thedoor which utilize one vertical face of one side of the box as anincline up which the door is slid against the opposite face of saidside, and flexible connections between said guides and box which controlthe operation of said guides.

29. The combination with a wagon-boxprovided with a pair of drop-doors,of means for closing said doors, and means upon said doors operatingagainst adjacent sides of the box for guiding said doors against thesides of saidbox during their swinging movement.

30. The combination with a wagon-box provided with drop-doors, of meansfor closing said doors, means supporting said doors for movement aboutthe lower edges of the sides of said box, said closing means cooperatingwith said supporting means to guide said doors along the vertical planesof the sides of said box.

31. The combination with a Wagon-box provided with drop-doors, means forclosing said doors, movable pivots upon which said doors swing, andmeans permitting said doors to move about their pivots and with theirpivots in a compound rotary and sliding movement from their closedpositions to the outer sides of said box.

32. The combination with a wagon-box provided with drop-doors, of pivotsupon which said doors move, means supporting said pivots for movementwith said doors and relatively to the sides of said box, and meansindependent of said pivots and their supporting means for lifting andguiding the door up the sides of said box when released under the load.

33. The combination with a wagon-box provided with bottom,pivotally-supported, gravity drop-doors, of means for closing said doorsand retaining same in their closed positions, and pivotal connectingmeans between said doors and box, confined within the vertical plane ofthe latter, providing for bodily move ments of said doors up the outersides of. said box and beyond its vertical plane and so disposing thecenters of gravity of said doors, when hanging free in their normalpositions,

as to insure proper closure upon operation of said closing means.

34. The combination with a wagon-box provided with outwardly-swinging,drop-doors, of chains attached thereto to close said doors and retainsame in their closed positions, a reel upon which said chains are wound,pivotal connections between said doors and box providing for freevertical movements of said doors up the outer sides of said box, stops,bearing against the adjacent faces of the sides of the box. cooperatingwith said pivotal connections to hold the doors, when closed, againstedgewise movements, flexible connections between said stops and box,said stops and flexible connections cooperating with the escaping loadto relieve said pivotal connections of the weight of the doors and tomove said doors up the outer sides of the box.

35. The combination with a wagon-box provided withoutwardly-swinging,drop-doors,of chains attached thereto to close saiddoors and retain same in closed positions, a reel upon which said chainsare wound, stops upon said doors bearing against the inner walls of thesides of the box,said stops cooperating with the pivotal connections forsaid doors to hold the latter against movement 'when closed, means forchecking the fall of said doors and pivotally suspending said stopsprior to completion of the opening movements of said doors, said stopsthen supporting the doors for rotary movements about axes intermediateof the longitudinal edges of said doors and guiding said doors underpressure of load, when'released, toward vertical positions overlappingthe outer sides of the box.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing wit- HGSSGS.

HENRY S. HOY.

Witnesses: G. A. TAUBERsoHMIDT, lsRAEL L. LANDIS.

